Container



H. T. KRAFT CONTAINER March 2, 1937,

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2 Sheets-Sheet March 2, 1937. H. T. KRAFT CONTAINER Filed Nov. 19, 19:54

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Patented Mar. 2*, 1937 comme Application November 13, 1934. Serial No. 753,719

e on (ci. 20c- 2) PATENT OFFICE This invention relates to containers and more s particularly to containers for holding and shipping acids and the like.

Heretofore it has been the practice to ship g acids in glass carboys which require careful handling and which, with the cumbersome box necessary for holding the same during shipment, arer relatively heavy and occupy considerable space. Furthermore, the freight rate for shipllo ping'boxed glass carboys is relatively high.

One of the objects of the present invention is vto provide a containerfor shipping acids and the like, which is light in weight as compared with containers heretofore employedand which l occupies less space 'for the same volume of liquid.

Another object is to provide a container for shipping acids, which is of suchvcon'struction that the cost of shipping will be less than for containers heretofore employed.

Another object is to provide a container for shipping acids, which will withstand greater pressures than glass carboys. v

A further object is to provide a container for shipping acids and the like, which is oi durable and unbreakable construction and which can be easily handled.

With the above and other objects in view, .the present invention consists of certain features of construction and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and then claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate suitable embodiments Vof the invention,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of 4the container, a portion of the same being shown in section;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section showing the general arrangement of the sheets of material used in constructing the container;

4o Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing the parts of the container in their assembled relation;

Fig. 4 is a section taken through the bung opening of the container showing a removable plug therefor;

Fig. 5 is a plan `view of the plug shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation partially in section of the plug shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the use of an additional lining of ebonite or similar material;

Fig. 8 is'a view similar to Fig. 3 showing the lining of ebonite or similar material; and

Fig. 9 is a section similar toFig. 4 but showing a modified type of closure plug.

Referring to the accompanying drawings in which like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views, the container of the present invention is an improvement upon the container shown in my co-pending application Serial 5 No. 705,525, filed January 6, 1934, and is particularly adaptable for transporting a large volume of acid or other liquid.

Briefly stated, the container of the present invention comprises a hollow drum l0 of nonmetal- 1o lic material having a circular body portion il, head portions i2 and a lining i3 of acid resistant material, such. as gum rubber or a relatively hard rubber composition, such as ebonite or the like.

'The body and head parts and the lining of the l5 drum are so arranged and vulcanized together into a one-piece unit as to provide a non-breakable, leak-proof construction.

In the aforesaid co-pending application I have shown a container in which the head and body 20 parts are formed of a number of layers of non-` metallic material, such as sheets made from clippings of rubberized fabric used in the manufacture of pneumatic tires.

In the construction of the present invention I 25 employ in the body portion Il an inner layer Hl formed of the rubberized fabric material, hereinafter called ber stock, an intermediate layer i5 of nail stock which is a relatively hard rubber brous material, ,andv an outer layer I 6 of 30 tread stock, which is a softer rubber material. In the head portions i3, I preferably employ additional layers ifi and i5 of the fiber stock and nail stock respectively. However, any desired number of layers of the fiber and nail stock may 35 be employed in the body portion Il as well as in the heads l2.

The container is also provided with outer chimes I1 and one or more intermediate chimes i8 which facilitate the handling of the contain- 40 er. Also, the heads I2 are strengthened by an annular projecting portion 22 which is integrally united to the heads adjacent the periphery thereof as shown in Fig. 3.v The annular portion 22 is preferably comprised of layers of the nail stock 4,5 and tread stock and the outer chimes l1 are each preferably comprised of a preformed section I9 of rubber abutting against the projecting portion of the heads and which is surrounded by a layer 20 of fiber stock and covered with a layer 2| of 50 thread stock which extends over the' peripheral face of the container head.

The lining i3, which in the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 3, is of pure gum rubber, is suitably stitched to the body and head portions, 55

and the lining I3 which is carried by the shape on a suitable building drum, and is then disposed between the head portions, after which the chimes I8 and I9 and the projecting annular portion 22 are arranged in position.. The assembled container is then positioned within a suitable mold or heater and axially compressed, which shortens the body portion, and is then vulcanized while the interior of the container is subjected to pressure through the introduction of C02 gas under pressure, or a suitable liquid under pressure. If desired, the lining for the container may be resin glazed.

Also, during the formation of the body portion I0 the body portion is provided with a bung open# ing 23 and surrounding this opening is an annular ring 24, disposed between layers of the body .material, and having apertures 25 therein, into which the body material may project.

Also, arranged within the bung opening 23 is an annular ring 26 preferably of hard rubber having. a circumferential flange 21 extending between layers of body material.

During the vulcanizing operation the various parts previously described are integrally united providing a one-piece unit which is of nonbreakable and leakproof construction.

The acid container formed in the manner described is rugged in construction and will withstand relatively high pressures. Furthermore, because of their nonbreakable construction, the containers will come within a third or fourth vclass freight rate classiflcation and can be shipped at a much lower rate than glass carboys of the same volume. Furthermore', the contain.- ers occupy about one-half the space required by,

and are approximately one-half the weight of. glass carboys of the same volume, and it is thus obvious that greater quantities of acid can be shipped in one car.

Another important feature is that the containers do not have to be so carefully handled as glass carboys and can be subjected to a greater pressure, thus providing a greater factor of safety.

It has been found that a lining of ebonite or similar hard rubber material is more acid resistant for particular acids than gum rubber, and I have shown in Fig. 8 a construction similar to Fig. 3, in vwhich lining 29 of ebonite or similar materiall'is provided. 'I'his lining is applied in any suitable manner tothe gum rubber lining previously described. However, since the ebonite lining will not withstand longitudinal pressure it is necessary in constructing the container to have thev length of the same slightly less than the length of the body p ortion as indicated in Fig. 7, to compensate for the shortening of the body portion when it is subjected to axial pressure.

In Figs. 4 and 6, I have shown one form of plug-which may be used for sealing the container. This plug comprises a cup-shaped member 29 of soft rubber having a circumferential ange 30 at its open end. This member 29 is arranged to be disposed within the annular ring 26 with the ange 30 abutting against the end face of the ever, does notv project beyond the inner surface of the container when in position and is provided with a central opening 33 through which a bolt 34 is arranged to extend. The threaded end of the bolt receives a. frusto-conical part 35 and disposed between the frusto-'conical part and the member 3| is an annular member 36 of rubber, the member 36 extending beyond the inner surface of the container as shown inl Fig. 4. The inner end of the bolt 34 is provided with a reduced portion 31 which carries a rotatably mounted cup-shaped part 38 which prevents the bolt from being threaded out of the member 35.

After the plug is inserted within .the annular ring 26 the bolt 34 is rotated and caused to thread itself through the member 35 which has a tendency to expand the rubber member 36 radially outwardly. This expansion of the member 36 causes the cup-shaped member 29 to expand radially outwardly adjacent the inner edge of the opening in the ring 26 as shown in Fig. 4, to form a uid tight seal. 4

Preferably the contacting 'surfaces of the member -3I and rubber member 36 are corrugated or roughened, as well as the contacting surfaces of the member 36 and the member 35, to prevent rotation of the member 35 during the rotation of the bolt 34.

In Fig. 9, I have shown an optional plug construction which comprises a hard rubber member 39 having threads 46 thereon arranged to be' threaded into the annular ring 26. Y

tial iiange disposed between the laminations of said vulcanizable material.

2. A container of the character described comprising a. substantially cylindrical body portion composed of laminations of rubber integrally united by vulcanization, certain of the lamina--v tions being relatively hard and others relatively soft, spaced reinforcing rings upon the exterior of the body portion, said rings being composed of rubber and integrally united by vulcanization to the body, two of said reinforcing rings being at the ends of the body portion, and heads composed of laminations similar to the laminations of the body portion, each head being of a diameter greater than that of. the body and being integrally united by vulcanization to the end reinforcing rings of the body.a

3. A container of the character described comprising a substantially cylindrical body portion composed of laminations of rubber integrally united by vulcanization, certain of the' laminations being relatively hard and others relatively soft, spaced reinforcing rings upon the exterior of. the body portion, said rings being composed of rubber and integrally united by vulcanization to the body, two of said reinforcing rings being at the ends of the body portion, heads composed of laminations similar to the laminations of the body portion, each head being of a diameter greater than that of the body and being integral- 'It ly united by vulcanization to the end reinforcing rings of, the body, and a layer of relatively soft rubber covering said end rings and the peripheral edges of the head and integrally united by vulcanization to the rings and heads.

4. A container of the character described comprising a substantially cylindrical body portion composed of laminations of rubber integrally united by vulcanization, certain of the laminations being relatively hard and others relatively soft, spaced reinforcing rings upon the exterior of the body portion. said rings being composed of rubber and integrally united by vulcanization to the body, two of. said reinforcing rings being at the ends of the body portion, said end rings pro- Jecting slightly beyond the edges or the laminated body, a lining of vulcanizable material covering the interior of the body portion and extending over the end edges thereof, a lining of `vulcaniz' able material upon the inner face of each head portion, the marginal edge of which overlies an end edge of the body portion, the linings of the head and body portions being integrally united by vulcanization in the spaces between the end edges of the body portion and the inner faces of the head portions.

HERMAN T. KRAFT. 

